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Tuesday, November 23, 2010

Linear motors

Linear motors

A set of coils can be used to create a magnetic field that translates, rather than rotates. The pair of coils in the animation below are pulsed on, from left to right, so the region of magnetic field moves from left to right. A permanent or electromagnet will tend to follow the field. So would a simple slab of conducting material, because the eddy currents induced in it (not shown) comprise an electromagnet. Alternatively, we could say that, from Faraday's law, an emf in the metal slab is always induced so as to oppose any change in magnetic flux, and the forces on the currents driven by this emf keep the flux in the slab nearly constant. (Eddy currents not shown in this animation.)


Alternatively, we could have sets of powered coils in the moving part, and induce eddy currents in the rail. Either case gives us a linear motor, which would be useful for say maglev trains. (In the animation, the geometry is, as usual on this site, highly idealised, and only one eddy current is shown.)